abstract：:Rad51 is a DNA recombinase functioning in the repair of DNA double-strand breaks and the generation of genetic diversity by homologous recombination (HR). In the presence of ATP, Rad51 self-assembles into an extended polymer on single-stranded DNA to catalyze strand exchange. Inappropriate HR causes genomic instabilit...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Antony E,Tomko EJ,Xiao Q,Krejci L,Lohman TM,Ellenberger T

更新日期：2009-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The activity of RING finger ubiquitin ligases (E3) is dependent on their ability to facilitate transfer of ubiquitin from ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2) to substrates. The G2BR domain within the E3 gp78 binds selectively and with high affinity to the E2 Ube2g2. Through structural and functional analyses, we determ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Das R,Mariano J,Tsai YC,Kalathur RC,Kostova Z,Li J,Tarasov SG,McFeeters RL,Altieri AS,Ji X,Byrd RA,Weissman AM

更新日期：2009-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Target site choice is a complex and poorly understood aspect of DNA transposition despite its importance in rational transposon-mediated gene delivery. Though most transposons choose target sites essentially randomly or with some slight sequence or structural preferences, insertion sequence IS608 from Helicobacter pyl...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Guynet C,Achard A,Hoang BT,Barabas O,Hickman AB,Dyda F,Chandler M

更新日期：2009-06-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Metazoan histone mRNAs are unique: their pre-mRNAs contain no introns, and the mRNAs are not polyadenylated, ending instead in a conserved stem-loop structure. In Drosophila, canonical poly(A) signals are located downstream of the normal cleavage site of each histone gene and are utilized when histone 3' end formation...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Sullivan KD,Steiniger M,Marzluff WF

更新日期：2009-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Although CUL4-containing ubiquitin ligases regulate DNA repair and DNA damage checkpoints, Liu et al. (2009) report in this issue of Molecular Cell that Cul4a-deficient mice exhibit surprising resistance to ultraviolet-induced skin tumors, providing insight into how ubiquitination regulates genome integrity. ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Sugasawa K

更新日期：2009-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcriptional coregulators, rather than ligand signals, are suspected to confer context and pathway specificity to nuclear receptor signaling, but the identity of such specifying coregulators and the underlying molecular mechanisms remain largely enigmatic. Here we address this issue in metabolic oxysterol receptor ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Jakobsson T,Venteclef N,Toresson G,Damdimopoulos AE,Ehrlund A,Lou X,Sanyal S,Steffensen KR,Gustafsson JA,Treuter E

更新日期：2009-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Systems biology promises to personalize medicine via network-based biomarkers that predict therapeutic effectiveness. Toward this goal, Chang et al. (2009) recently introduced a systems-based approach to break down oncogenic signaling networks into modules that predict the effectiveness of pathway-specific therapeutic...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Brynildsen MP,Collins JJ

更新日期：2009-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Structures of intact receptors with single-pass transmembrane domains are essential to understand how extracellular and cytoplasmic domains regulate association and signaling through transmembrane domains. A chemical and computational method to determine structures of the membrane regions of such receptors on the cell...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Zhu J,Luo BH,Barth P,Schonbrun J,Baker D,Springer TA

更新日期：2009-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Melanoma and other cancers harbor oncogenic mutations in the protein kinase B-Raf, which leads to constitutive activation and dysregulation of MAP kinase signaling. In order to elucidate molecular determinants responsible for B-Raf control of cancer phenotypes, we present a method for phosphoprotein profiling, using n...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Old WM,Shabb JB,Houel S,Wang H,Couts KL,Yen CY,Litman ES,Croy CH,Meyer-Arendt K,Miranda JG,Brown RA,Witze ES,Schweppe RE,Resing KA,Ahn NG

更新日期：2009-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:In a recent issue of Molecular Cell, Shiotani and Zou (2009) elucidate the biochemical mechanism underlying sequential ATM and ATR activation at DNA double-strand breaks, demonstrating that resection transforms ATM substrates into ATR substrates. ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Rhind N

更新日期：2009-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Linkage-specific polyubiquitin recognition is thought to make possible the diverse set of functional outcomes associated with ubiquitination. Thus far, mechanistic insight into this selectivity has been largely limited to single domains that preferentially bind to lysine 48-linked polyubiquitin (K48-polyUb) in isolati...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Sims JJ,Cohen RE

更新日期：2009-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Genome stability depends upon the RecQ helicases, which are conserved from bacteria to man, but little is known about how their myriad activities are regulated. Fission yeast lacking the telomere protein Taz1 (mammalian TRF1/TRF2 ortholog) lose many hallmarks of telomeres, including accurate replication and local prot...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Rog O,Miller KM,Ferreira MG,Cooper JP

更新日期：2009-03-13 00:00:00

abstract：:In a recent issue of Molecular Cell, Pidoux et al. (2009) and Williams et al. (2009) identify S. pombe Scm3 as the proximate factor in the Cnp1/CENP-A deposition pathway, providing a direct connection to centromere-localized Mis16-Mis18. ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Baker RE

更新日期：2009-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of NF-kappaB is regulated via numerous ubiquitin- and proteasome-mediated steps; an important one is processing of the precursor p105 to the p50 active subunit. The mechanisms involved are largely unknown, because this is an exceptional case where the ubiquitin system does not destroy its substrate complete...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Kravtsova-Ivantsiv Y,Cohen S,Ciechanover A

更新日期：2009-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Pre-mRNA 3' end formation is an essential step in eukaryotic gene expression. Over half of human genes produce alternatively polyadenylated mRNAs, suggesting that regulated polyadenylation is an important mechanism for posttranscriptional gene control. Although a number of mammalian mRNA 3' processing factors have bee...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Shi Y,Di Giammartino DC,Taylor D,Sarkeshik A,Rice WJ,Yates JR 3rd,Frank J,Manley JL

更新日期：2009-02-13 00:00:00

abstract：:In Escherichia coli, topoisomerase IV, a type II topoisomerase, mediates the resolution of topological linkages between replicated daughter chromosomes and is essential for chromosome segregation. Topo IV activity is restricted to only a short interval late in the cell cycle. However, the mechanism that confers this t...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Madabhushi R,Marians KJ

更新日期：2009-01-30 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV-1 Nef plays important roles in HIV-1 replication and pathogenesis. It is translated from completely spliced HIV-1 RNA, and its expression is inherently regulated at the levels of viral DNA transcription and RNA splicing. Here we show that Sam68 cytoplasmic mutants potently suppress Nef expression. The suppression ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Henao-Mejia J,Liu Y,Park IW,Zhang J,Sanford J,He JJ

更新日期：2009-01-16 00:00:00

abstract：:p73 has been identified as a structural and functional homolog of the tumor suppressor p53. The transcriptional coactivator Yes-associated protein (YAP) has been demonstrated to interact with and to enhance p73-dependent apoptosis in response to DNA damage. Here, we show the existence of a proapoptotic autoregulatory ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Lapi E,Di Agostino S,Donzelli S,Gal H,Domany E,Rechavi G,Pandolfi PP,Givol D,Strano S,Lu X,Blandino G

更新日期：2008-12-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis is an important mechanism that suppresses the beta-catenin transcription factor in cells without Wnt stimulation. A critical step in this regulatory pathway is to create a SCF(beta-TrCP) E3 ubiquitin ligase binding site for beta-catenin. Here we show that the SCF(beta-TrCP) binding site...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Su Y,Fu C,Ishikawa S,Stella A,Kojima M,Shitoh K,Schreiber EM,Day BW,Liu B

更新日期：2008-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Trimethylation on H3K27 (H3K27me3) mediated by Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) has been linked to embryonic stem cell (ESC) identity and pluripotency. EZH2, the catalytic subunit of PRC2, has been reported as the sole histone methyltransferase that methylates H3K27 and mediates transcriptional silencing. Analysis...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Shen X,Liu Y,Hsu YJ,Fujiwara Y,Kim J,Mao X,Yuan GC,Orkin SH

更新日期：2008-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The Fanconi anemia (FA) pathway is implicated in DNA repair and cancer predisposition. Central to this pathway is the FA core complex, which is targeted to chromatin by FANCM and FAAP24 following replication stress. Here we show that FANCM and FAAP24 interact with the checkpoint protein HCLK2 independently of the FA c...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Collis SJ,Ciccia A,Deans AJ,Horejsí Z,Martin JS,Maslen SL,Skehel JM,Elledge SJ,West SC,Boulton SJ

更新日期：2008-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Members of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASP) family control actin dynamics in eukaryotic cells by stimulating the actin nucleating activity of the Arp2/3 complex. The prevailing paradigm for WASP regulation invokes allosteric relief of autoinhibition by diverse upstream activators. Here we demonstrate an add...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Padrick SB,Cheng HC,Ismail AM,Panchal SC,Doolittle LK,Kim S,Skehan BM,Umetani J,Brautigam CA,Leong JM,Rosen MK

更新日期：2008-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Loss of endogenous tumor suppression is a critical step on the road to cancer. In a recent paper in Molecular Cell, Wang and colleagues provide evidence that inactivation of the pivotal BRCA1 tumor suppressor disrupts a safeguard gene network that opposes cell proliferation and cell survival. ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Luo J,Altieri DC

更新日期：2008-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Forkhead box O (FOXO) transcription factors, the key regulators of cell survival, are negatively controlled through the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. Phosphorylation of FOXO by Akt leads to cytoplasmic localization and subsequent degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Here we show a paradigm of FOXO1 regulatio...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Yamagata K,Daitoku H,Takahashi Y,Namiki K,Hisatake K,Kako K,Mukai H,Kasuya Y,Fukamizu A

更新日期：2008-10-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Conjugation of ubiquitin-like protein Nedd8 to cullins (neddylation) is essential for the function of cullin-RING ubiquitin ligases (CRLs). Here, we show that neddylation stimulates CRL activity by multiple mechanisms. For the initiator ubiquitin, the major effect is to bridge the approximately 50 A gap between naked ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Saha A,Deshaies RJ

更新日期：2008-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activity is regulated by assembly of two functionally distinct complexes, mTORC1 and mTORC2. In syndecan-4 (S4) null endothelial cells, mTORC2 activity is reduced, resulting in decreased Akt activation, while mTORC1 activity is increased. Levels of rictor, mLST8, and mSin-1 are unc...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Partovian C,Ju R,Zhuang ZW,Martin KA,Simons M

更新日期：2008-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:In this issue of Molecular Cell, Conaway and colleagues (Yao et al., 2008) provide a glimpse into an interesting mechanism to control a deubiquitylating enzyme via interaction of two complexes-the 19S proteasome regulatory particle and an ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling complex. ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Zediak VP,Berger SL

更新日期：2008-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Activation of protein kinase clients by the Hsp90 system is mediated by the cochaperone protein Cdc37. Cdc37 requires phosphorylation at Ser13, but little is known about the regulation of this essential posttranslational modification. We show that Ser13 of uncomplexed Cdc37 is phosphorylated in vivo, as well as in bin...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Vaughan CK,Mollapour M,Smith JR,Truman A,Hu B,Good VM,Panaretou B,Neckers L,Clarke PA,Workman P,Piper PW,Prodromou C,Pearl LH

更新日期：2008-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent work from Kuehner and Brow (2008) and Thiebaut et al. (2008) in Molecular Cell and Jenks et al. (2008) in Molecular and Cellular Biology reveals that regulated expression of central nucleotide synthesis pathway components directs start site-dependent RNA polymerase II termination. ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Dichtl B

更新日期：2008-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Signals transmitted by ERK MAP kinases regulate the functions of multiple substrates present in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm. ERK signals are optimized by scaffold proteins that modulate their intensity and spatial fidelity. Once phosphorylated, ERKs dimerize, but how dimerization impacts on the activation of the ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Casar B,Pinto A,Crespo P

更新日期：2008-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro, the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) E3 ligase functions with E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes of the E2-C and Ubc4/5 families to ubiquitinate substrates. However, only the use of the E2-C family, notably UbcH10, is genetically well validated. Here, we biochemically demonstrate preferential use of UbcH10 by ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Summers MK,Pan B,Mukhyala K,Jackson PK

更新日期：2008-08-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Heterochromatin is refractory to DNA transactions, including repair. In a recent issue of Molecular Cell, Goodarzi et al. (2008) reveal how the central transducing kinase of the DNA damage response relieves this natural barrier by increasing heterochromatic DNA accessibility. ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Fernandez-Capetillo O,Nussenzweig A

更新日期：2008-08-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Phospholipase C (PLC) isozymes are directly activated by heterotrimeric G proteins and Ras-like GTPases to hydrolyze phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate into the second messengers diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate. Although PLCs play central roles in myriad signaling cascades, the molecular details of ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Hicks SN,Jezyk MR,Gershburg S,Seifert JP,Harden TK,Sondek J

更新日期：2008-08-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) signaling is essential for the repair of a subset of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs); however, its precise role is unclear. Here, we show that < or =25% of DSBs require ATM signaling for repair, and this percentage correlates with increased chromatin but not damage complexity. Impor...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Goodarzi AA,Noon AT,Deckbar D,Ziv Y,Shiloh Y,Löbrich M,Jeggo PA

更新日期：2008-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Helicases unwind duplex DNA ahead of the polymerases at the replication fork. However, the identity of the eukaryotic replicative helicase has been controversial; in vivo studies implicate the ring-shaped heterohexameric Mcm2-7 complex, although only a specific subset of Mcm subunits (Mcm467) unwind DNA in vitro. To a...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Bochman ML,Schwacha A

更新日期：2008-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：:In this issue of Molecular Cell, Fleming et al. (2008) show that histone H2B ubiquitylation and FACT function interdependently to facilitate nucleosome reassembly during transcription elongation, thereby demonstrating that histone posttranslational modifications can provide important but transient transcriptional sign...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Hartzog GA,Quan TK

更新日期：2008-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Ten E. coli aminoacyl-tRNAs (aa-tRNAs) were assessed for their ability to decode cognate codons on E. coli ribosomes by using three assays that evaluate the key steps in the decoding pathway. Despite a wide variety of structural features, each aa-tRNA exhibited similar kinetic and thermodynamic properties in each assa...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Ledoux S,Uhlenbeck OC

更新日期：2008-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Eukaryotic neurotransmitter:sodium symporters (NSSs), targets for antidepressants and psychostimulants, terminate neurotransmission by sodium-driven reuptake. The crystal structure of LeuT(Aa), a prokaryotic NSS homolog, revealed an occluded state in which one leucine and two Na(+) ions are bound, but provided limited...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Shi L,Quick M,Zhao Y,Weinstein H,Javitch JA

更新日期：2008-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Type II topoisomerases are essential for resolving topologically entwined double-stranded DNA. Although anti-topoisomerase 2 (Top2) drugs are clinically important antibiotics and chemotherapies, to our knowledge, the mechanisms of cell killing by Top2 depletion and inactivation have never been directly compared. We sh...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Baxter J,Diffley JF

更新日期：2008-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:In a recent paper in Developmental Cell, Yamashiro et al. (2008) report that the PP1 regulatory subunit MYPT1 interacts with PLK1 and antagonizes essential mitotic functions of PLK1, at least in part by promoting the dephosphorylation of PLK1 at Thr210. ...

journal_title：Molecular cell

authors： Archambault V,Chen F,Glover DM

更新日期：2008-06-06 00:00:00